Related Publications

Fertility Declines and Gender Inequality in China, 1970-2010

swon — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 21:04:26 +0000

This paper explores the consequences of the recent dramatic fertility decline in China by examining the effects of sibship size and composition on inequality in socioeconomic achievement between men and women. Drawing primarily from the China General Social Survey, the authors' findings suggest that women from families with more siblings are more disadvantaged both in terms of their schooling and their job status.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Xiaogang Wu, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Hua Ye, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

PDF File Name:

Fertility Declines and Gender Inequality in China_Wu_Ye.pdf

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Keywords and Metadata:

fertility decline, China, one child policy, empowerment

The Impact of Family Planning and Delayed Childbearing on Women’s Empowerment in Iran

swon — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 20:52:46 +0000

This study assesses the impact of contraceptive use and delayed childbearing on urban married women’s ability to seek educational and employment opportunities after marriage in Tehran. The paper examines trends across three marriage cohorts, based on a 2009 survey collected by the author examining birth and contraceptive histories and education and employment status of husbands and wives over the life-course.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Amir Erfani, Nipissing University, Canada

PDF File Name:

Impact of Family Planning and Delayed Childbearing on Women’s Empowerment in Iran-Erfani.pdf

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Keywords and Metadata:

family planning, delayed childbearing, iran, middle east, women, empowerment

An Action Guide for Gender Equality in National HIV Plans

swon — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 21:57:43 +0000

Catalyzing Change Through Evidence-based Advocacy

National governments must design, build and maintain policy, legislative and strategic frameworks that support the implementation, scale-up and monitoring of gender-responsive HIV programs. Many tools have been developed for the specific purpose of integrating gender into existing programs. However, noticeably absent are national-level strategic plans and policies that create the enabling environment in which gender-responsive programs and services can thrive, proliferate and be sustained.

This action guide describes a process through which countries can identify strengths and gaps in national strategies, policies and action plans to address gender equality as a social driver of HIV; collaborate with stakeholders to generate and advocate for practical solutions; and develop and advocate recommendations for improvement. Based on ICRW's experience in Cambodia and Uganda, the guide offers lessons and tools that will enable others to replicate similar processes in other countries.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Reshma Trasi, Katherine Fritz, Katya Burns, Zayid Douglas

Author Links:

Katherine Fritz

PDF File Name:

Action Guide for Gender Equality in Naitonal HIV Plans.pdf

Keywords and Metadata:

HIV and AIDS, national HIV plans, gender

Using Participatory Research and Action to Address the HIV-related Vulnerabilities of Adolescent Girls in Tanzania

swon — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 15:08:39 +0000

Girls and young women are more likely to be HIV-positive than their male peers, due in large part to an array of gender inequalities that negatively impact their mental and physical well- being. Vijana Tunaweza Newala, or Newala Youth Can, is a participatory research and action project in the Newala District of Tanzania, aimed at both understanding and responding to girls’ HIV-related vulnerabilities. The project’s overarching purpose was to design and qualitatively assess a pilot intervention model to address their most pressing needs.This report highlights the project’s four phases of action: formative research, intervention design, peer education program, and assessment.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Jennifer McCleary-Sills, Zayid Douglas, Richard Mabala

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Using-Participatory-Research-Action-Address-HIV-related-Vulnerabilities-Adolescent-Girls.pdf

Keywords and Metadata:

adolescents, HIV and AIDS, participatory research and action, Tanzania, Africa

Vijana Tunaweza Newala

swon — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 15:02:12 +0000

Findings from a Participatory Research and Action Project in Tanzania

Girls and young women are more likely to be HIV-positive than their male peers, due in large part to an array of gender inequalities that negatively impact their mental and physical well- being. Vijana Tunaweza Newala, or Newala Youth Can, is a participatory research and action project in the Newala District of Tanzania, aimed at both understanding and responding to girls’ HIV-related vulnerabilities. The project’s overarching purpose was to design and qualitatively assess a pilot intervention model to address their most pressing needs. This report provides details on the joint research and action process.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Jennifer McCleary-Sills, Zayid Douglas, Annagrace Rwehumbiza, Aziza Hamisi, Richard Mabala

Author Links:

Jennifer McCleary-Sills

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Vijana Tunaweza Newala Findings from a Participatory Research and Action Project in Tanzania.pdf

Keywords and Metadata:

adolescents, HIV and AIDS, Tanzania, Africa, participatory action research

Meet Them Where They Are

swon — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 14:48:52 +0000

Participatory Action Research with Adolescent Girls

To protect and empower girls, programs must start with the girls themselves. This approach – one that meets girls where they are in their lives – was the foundation for an innovative participatory action research pilot project, which aimed to both understand and respond to girls’ HIV-related vulnerabilities. Working with older girls ages 12-17 and their communities in Newala District, one of the least developed and poorly resourced districts of Tanzania, the project's ultimate goal was to design and qualitatively assess a pilot intervention model to address the most pressing vulnerabilities of adolescent girls. This brief report summarizes the process and findings of the participatory action research with lessons for researchers, development practitioners and policymakers working with adolescent girls.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Jennifer McCleary-Sills, Zayid Douglas, Richard Mabala, Ellen Weiss

Author Links:

Jennifer McCleary-Sills

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PDF File Name:

Meet-Them-Where-They-Are-Participatory-Action-Research-Adolescent-Girls.pdf

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Keywords and Metadata:

adolescents, HIV and AIDS, participatory action research, Africa, Tanzania, Vitu Newala

Measurement, Learning & Evaluation of the Urban Health Initiative

swon — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 21:19:52 +0000

Uttar Pradesh, India, Baseline Survey 2010

The Measurement, Learning & Evaluation (MLE) project is the evaluation component of the Urban Reproductive Health Initiative, a multi-country program in India, Kenya, Nigeria and Senegal that aims to improve the health of the urban poor. A key objective of the project is to undertake a rigorous impact evaluation of the country programs, identifying the most effective and cost-efficient programmatic approaches to improving contraceptive use among the urban poor.

This report presents baseline survey results from samples in six cities in Uttar Pradesh, India. These findings provide an in-depth, quantitative examination of the factors that influence contraceptive use and fertility. Data from this survey can help guide program planners and policymakers as they determine which policies and programs are likely to lead to the desired reproductive health outcomes.

The MLE project is implemented by the University of North Carolina’s Carolina Population Center, in collaboration with African Population and Health Research Center and the International Center for Research on Women. For more information about the MLE project, visit www.urbanreproductivehealth.org.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Priya Nanda, Pranita Achyut, Anurag Mishra, Lisa Calhoun

Author Links:

Anurag Mishra

Pranita Achyut

Priya Nanda

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Measurement-Learning-Evaluation-Urban-Health-Initiative-Uttar-Pradesh.pdf

Understanding and Challenging Stigma Toward Injecting Drug Users and HIV in Vietnam

smarfil — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 16:29:38 +0000

Toolkit for Action

Vietnam has a growing problem of illegal drug use and addiction, which has a serious impact on the health and well-being of individuals, families, and communities. This problem is closely linked to HIV transmission, and fear of and stigma toward drug users is further fueling the HIV epidemic. Since 2000 the Vietnamese government and civil society have increased their efforts to address stigma and discrimination toward IDUs, as well as the vulnerability of IDUs to HIV. However, in reality, the stigma against IDUs persists and is still widely prevalent in many places, creating barrier for HIV/AIDS prevention program.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Dr. Khuat Thu Hong, Nguyen Thi Van Anh, Khuat Thi Hai Oanh, Ross Kidd, Laura Brady, Laura Nyblade, Anne Stangl

PDF File Name:

Toolkit for action - Reducing stigma toward drug addiction and HIV in Vietnam.PDF

Understanding and Measuring Women's Economic Empowerment

swon — Tue, 11 Oct 2011 16:04:49 +0000

Definition, Framework and Indicators

Economically empowering women is essential both to realize women’s rights and to achieve broader development goals such as economic growth, poverty reduction, health, education and welfare. But women’s economic empowerment is a multifaceted concept so how can practitioners, researchers and donors design effective, measurable interventions?

This brief report lays out fundamental concepts including a definition of women’s economic empowerment; a measurement framework that can guide the design, implementation and evaluation of programs to economically empower women; and a set of illustrative indicators that can serve as concrete examples for developing meaningful metrics for success.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

Anne Marie Golla, Anju Malhotra, Priya Nanda and Rekha Mehra

Author Links:

Anne Marie Golla

Priya Nanda

Rekha Mehra

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PDF File Name:

Understanding-measuring-womens-economic-empowerment.pdf

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Keywords and Metadata:

women economic empowerment, measurement, evaluation, concepts, framework, definition

GEMS Campaign Guide

swon — Wed, 21 Sep 2011 16:38:41 +0000

Gender Equity Movement in Schools (GEMS)

The Gender Equity Movement in Schools (GEMS) program aims to promote gender equality among adolescents in school settings by encouraging equal relationships between girls and boys, examining the social norms that define men’s and women’s roles, and questioning the use of violence. The main components of GEMS are group education activities (GEA) and a campaign. The campaign is a week-long series of events, including games, competitions, debates and short plays, aimed at reaching out to students. This campaign guide walks facilitators through steps and ideas to organize similar campaigns on gender and violence in schools.

Publication Year:

2011

Author(s):

ICRW, CORO, TISS

Author Links:

Nandita Bhatla

Pranita Achyut

Ravi Verma

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PDF File Name:

Gender Equity Movement in Schools Campaign Guide.pdf

Keywords and Metadata:

gender equality, adolescents, education